Performance Evaluation of Overcurrent Relay and Ground Fault Relay Coordination in Distribution Feeder
Abstract
Reliable and sustainable electrical distribution systems require effective protection measures against internal and external disturbances, especially short-circuit disturbances, to avoid damage to the equipment. Overcurrent relays (OCR) and ground fault relays (GFR) play an important role in the safety of the distribution network. To improve performance, evaluation of relay coordination is essential. During the short circuit, the nearest relay to the fault point is activated first and the backup relay is activated if the fault current exceeds the adjustment of the main relay. Coordination ensures that timely signaling is sent to interrupt the circuit. Inspection of the OCR relay revealed that it did not comply with the IEC 60255 standard and consequently adjusted the classification time to 0.402 seconds. Similarly, the results of the GFR relay inspection did not meet the standards and required an adjustment of the evaluation time to 0.492 seconds. Resolving these deviations is crucial to maintaining the reliability and compliance of the distribution network with industry standards, ensuring that the protection relays respond quickly and effectively to disturbances, thereby preventing possible damage to equipment
Keywords:
OCR, GFR, Protection, Reliability
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References
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[24] IEC, "Measuring relays and protection equipment-Part 151: Functional requirements of over/under current protection," IEC 60255-151, 2009.
[2]A. G. Phadke, P. Wall, L. Ding, and V. Terzija, "Improving the performance of power system protection using wide area monitoring systems," Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 319-331, 2016, doi: 10.1007/s40565-016-0211-x.
[3]C. Ye, C. Guo, and Y. Ding, "Risk Evaluation of Short-Circuit Fault in Power System," in Risk-Based Planning and Operation Strategy Towards Short Circuit Resilient Power Systems, 2023, pp. 1-15, doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-9725-9_1.
[4]L. Sugesti, A. N. Afandi, and H. Putranto, "Setting Analysis of Over Current Relay and Ground Fault Relay on Transformer Protection System of High Voltage Substation System," in 2018 Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS), 2018, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/eeccis.2018.8692825.
[5]S. Zaibah, A. T. Nugraha, and F. H. Ainudin, "Planning a Protection Coordination System Against Over Current Relays and Ground Fault Relays Using the NN Method," Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics, vol. 4, no. 4, 2022, doi: 10.35882/jeeemi.v4i4.239.
[6]S.-T. Lim and S.-H. Lim, "Analysis on Protective Coordination between Over-Current Relays with Voltage Component in a Power Distribution System with SFCL," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1-6, 2020, doi: 10.1109/tasc.2020.2968252.
[7]V. C. Nikolaidis, G. Michaloudis, A. M. Tsimtsios, D. Tzelepis, and C. D. Booth, “A multi-zone differential protection scheme for MV distribution systems with distributed generation,” 15th International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection (DPSP 2020), 2020, doi: 10.1049/cp.2020.0071.
[8]IEEE, "IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems," ANSI/IEEE Std 242-1986, 1986, pp. 1-592, doi: 10.1109/IEEESTD.1986.81071.
[9]V. Patel and V. Patel, "A comprehensive review: AC & DC Microgrid Protection," in 2020 21st National Power Systems Conference (NPSC), 2020, doi: 10.1109/npsc49263.2020.9331932.
[10] W. M. Hamanah, M. I. Hossain, M. Shafiullah, and M. A. Abido, “AC Microgrid Protection Schemes: A Comprehensive Review,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 76842–76868, 2023, doi: 10.1109/access.2023.3298306.
[11] A. Arafa, M. M. Aly, and S. Kamel, "Impact of Distributed Generation on Recloser-Fuse Coordination of Radial Distribution Networks," in 2019 International Conference on Innovative Trends in Computer Engineering (ITCE), 2019, doi: 10.1109/itce.2019.8646557.
[12] M. Yousaf, A. Jalilian, K. M. Muttaqi, and D. Sutanto, "An Adaptive Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Dual-Setting Directional Recloser and Fuse Coordination in Unbalanced Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 1831-1842, 2022, doi: 10.1109/tia.2022.3146095.
[13] Y. J. Cho and S.-H. Lim, "Analysis on Protection Coordination of OCRs Using Index for Impedance Compensation Considering Unsymmetrical Ground Fault in a Power Distribution System With SFCL," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 1-6, 2023, doi: 10.1109/tasc.2023.3262765.
[14] M. U. M. Rao, D. S. N. M. Rao, and C. S. R. Reddy, "Protection of microgrids using Resistive Type Superconducting Fault Current limiter (RSFCL)," in 2022 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation (SeFeT), 2022, doi: 10.1109/sefet55524.2022.9909066.
[15] Y.-J. Cho, M.-K. Park, and S.-H. Lim, "Analysis on Operation Characteristics of OCR Using Impedance Compensation Algorithm Considering Application of SFCL in a Power Distribution System," The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol. 70, no. 11, pp. 1670-1676, 2021, doi: 10.5370/kiee.2021.70.11.1670.
[16] F. Blaabjerg, Y. Yang, D. Yang, and X. Wang, “Distributed Power-Generation Systems and Protection,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 105, no. 7, pp. 1311–1331, 2017, doi: 10.1109/jproc.2017.2696878.
[17] C. Guo, Z. Cai, Y. Zhang, P. Xie, K. Liu, and Y. Li, “Operation Condition Assessment Method and its Practical Implementation for Protection Systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 51771–51781, 2019, doi: 10.1109/access.2019.2911973.
[18] V. Telukunta, J. Pradhan, A. Agrawal, M. Singh, S.G. Srivani, "Protection challenges under bulk penetration of renewable energy resources in power systems: A review," CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 365-379, 2017, doi: 10.17775/cseejpes.2017.00030.
[19] M. Saifudin, S. Suryono, and I. Irianto, "Monitoring and Protection System for Overvoltage, Undervoltage and Unbalance Voltage," Jurnal Ecotipe (Electronic, Control, Telecommunication, Information, and Power Engineering), vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 159-165, 2022, doi: 10.33019/jurnalecotipe. v9i2.3092.
[20] R. Nugrahadi, W. Sunanda, Asmar, R. F. Gusa, and I. Dinata, “Design of voltage regulator for photovoltaic and wind hybrid power plant based on microcontroller,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019, doi: 10.1063/1.5098250.
[21] M. Bamber, "Network Protection and Application Guide: Protective Relays, Measurement and Control," Alstom Grid, Paris, 2011.
[22] H. Prasetijo, A. Fadli, W. H. Purnomo, and Priswanto, "Working time coordination of over current relay (OCR) and ground fault relay (GFR) in 20 kV feeder distribution," AIP Conference Proceedings, doi: 10.1063/5.0113957.
[23] T. Penthong, M. Ginocchi, A. Ahmadifar, F. Ponci, and A. Monti, “IEC 61850-Based Protection Scheme for Multiple Feeder Faults and Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for Interoperability Testing,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 65181–65196, 2023, doi: 10.1109/access.2023.3280128.
[24] IEC, "Measuring relays and protection equipment-Part 151: Functional requirements of over/under current protection," IEC 60255-151, 2009.
Published
2024-04-29
How to Cite
[1]
A. Zakri, R. Ramadhan, and W. Sunanda, “Performance Evaluation of Overcurrent Relay and Ground Fault Relay Coordination in Distribution Feeder”, JurnalEcotipe, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 72-83, Apr. 2024.
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